Different Types of Gum Diseases and Their Symptoms

June 15, 2025

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is the infection and inflammation of the tissues that support the teeth. If you do not maintain your oral health, your gums tend to swell and cause infection due to the buildup of bacteria in the mouth. These oral bacteria are usually beneficial for the well-being of the mouth.

However, oral bacteria can take the form of dental plaque, a soft and sticky film. If this dental plaque stays for a long time, it can harden and turn into a calcified deposit, which is known as tartar, sticking to the teeth near the gums. As it cannot be brushed away, it creates an environment for more plaque to accumulate. This can cause the gums to swell. The immune system responds to the plaque through inflammation, which can lead to eventual loss of gum attachment, periodontal ligament, and jawbone deterioration.

Types of Gum Disease

There are two stages of gum disease. Let’s look at them in detail:

Gingivitis

This is the least severe type of gum disease. The symptoms consist of bleeding of the gums, redness, and inflammation. Gingivitis is reversible and can be avoided with the help of flossing, proper brushing, and dental check-ups. However, it is important to note that if prompt action is not taken, it can progress to the next, severe level.

Periodontitis

Periodontitis is the more severe form of gum disease, which happens when gingivitis is not treated in a timely manner. As time goes by, it starts to erode the bone that houses your teeth within the jaws. As a result, your teeth might become wobbly or you might even lose them. The periodontal pockets get deeper, causing receding gums around the teeth, bad breath, and heavy bleeding. This calls for a professional dental intervention in order to avoid worsening the situation.

Symptoms of Gum Disease

It is crucial to understand the symptoms of gum disease in order to understand the severity of the situation. It can be as mild as itching, or it can even be potentially life-threatening. Here are some common symptoms to look out for:

Swollen or red gums: It can be one of the first indicators of an infection
Bad breath (Halitosis): It can be chronic because of the plaque buildup
Bleeding gums: Brushing or flossing can aggravate the gums and may cause them to bleed
Receding gums: The roots start to get exposed because of receding gums
Loose teeth: Gum disease, at a later stage, can affect the stability of tooth support
Tenderness or pain: Pain or discomfort in your gums should ring an alarm in you

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Closing Thoughts

Periodontal disease can be a terrible problem if left unchecked. Understanding the types, stages, and symptoms of gum disease is crucial to ensure you avoid complications. Prevention is the only cure. This is why, if you develop these symptoms, you should visit the dentist and get periodontal treatment. Contact Richmond Dental Care and fix your dental appointment for a professional consultation. You can also call us at (832) 612-2831 to ease your gum problems.

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